Packaging systems are categorized as Active, Passive, or Hybrid systems. An active system has an insulated enclosure equipped with refrigeration (compressor driven), or heating and ventilation (batteries or external power). They usually last 30-150 hours in moderate conditions. They may be equipped with real time data monitoring or with geo location tracking. The dimensions needed to house the Active System are large, heavy, carry multiple boxes/pallets, thus may not be economical for small payloads. The systems may require lithium batteries, which can be a shipping hazard. A closed loop is necessary; thus, logistics are needed for cleaning, inspection, and maintenance. Multiple uses. (ISTA) A higher Carbon footprint (10-40% greater emissions) produced due to increased handling of reusable items per rotation and transport to and from the distribution centers. (McKinsey and Company, April 2023: Materials Practice: The potential impact of reusable packaging). Reusable shipping containers can cost 50-200% more compared to individual use. It takes about twenty cycles to break even. Studies indicate that reusable shipping containers can scratch and discolor at 50 rotations. (McKinsey and Company, April 2023: Materials Practice: The potential impact of reusable packaging)
« Back to Glossary Index
